The Role of Physical Activity in ADHD Management

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, affecting cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. It has an estimated global prevalence of 5% to 7% among children and adolescents, and symptoms often persist into adulthood. ADHD also presents a strong genetic component, with heritability rates estimated between 70% and 80%. Individuals with ADHD frequently experience comorbid conditions, including anxiety, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, tic disorders, low self-esteem, body image disturbances, and sleep disorders.

Physical activity has been shown to be beneficial, producing significant improvements in many of these areas. Research indicates that regular exercise can increase self-esteem, improve sleep quality, and have an important impact on executive functions, attention, impulse control, coordination, emotional regulation, cognitive functioning, and neurobiological markers.

In addition, studies suggest that regular physical activity may serve as a valuable complementary intervention for ADHD. However, it is essential to consider age-specific adaptations in exercise programs in order to enhance the effectiveness of interventions.

In summary, physical activity represents a comprehensive therapeutic tool that not only helps manage the core symptoms of ADHD but also positively impacts associated comorbidities. Therefore, incorporating structured physical activity programs should be considered an essential complementary strategy in ADHD treatment.

Scientific Reference

Martín-Rodríguez, A., Herrero-Roldán, S., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2025). The Role of Physical Activity in ADHD Management: Diagnostic, Digital and Non-Digital Interventions, and Lifespan Considerations. March 2025.

Written by: Physiotherapist Marília Monteiro – CREFITO 129693-F